【Linux】数据库安装（Mariadb）

1、rpm -qa | grep mariadb #查看是否已经安装了mariadb

2、rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 #卸载已有的

3、yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server #使用阿里云的yum下载mariadb(阿里云的mariadb包名是小写的,而官方的是大写的.)

4、systemctl start mariadb #启动mariadb
5、systemctl status mariadb #查看运行状态

6、mysql -uroot -p #尝试登陆，默认是没有密码的（Yyao#123）

7、mysql_secure_installation #mysql初始化

8、vi /etc/my.cnf #设置MySQL的中文编码支持
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci

systemctl restart mariadb #重启mariadb服务

9、mysql -uroot -p #登陆成功之后，输入 \s 查看编码信息

10、systemctl enable mariadb #设置开机启动

查看字符集：

MariaDB [test]> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'characterset%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| collation_connection | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_database | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_server | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
11 rows in set (0.001 sec)

设置方法：

在mariadb中/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf 中设置：

[mysqld]
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8mb4_unicode_ci'
character_set_server=utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake #此处是忽略客户端的字符集，使用服务器的设置